Whales are polygamous mammals, with females giving birth to live young and nursing them for several months. During breeding season, the male, or bull whale, copulates underwater with the female, or cow, in a complex mating ritual that varies widely from species to species. Mating entails long migrations to oceanic breeding grounds, vocalizations or songs and, sometimes, large groups of male whales, such as humpbacks, competing for females in violent displays of dominance. As large mammals with a gestation period of a year or more and another 5—6 months spent nursing newborn calves, whales generally breed once every 2 years. During this time, large numbers of whales congregate in the warmer waters of the tropics, such as those near Hawaii and the West Indies, where groups of humpback whales can be found mating between October and March.


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How Do Whales Mate? | Sciencing
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Whales are a widely distributed and diverse group of fully aquatic placental marine mammals. They are an informal grouping within the infraorder Cetacea , which usually excludes dolphins and porpoises. Whales, dolphins and porpoises belong to the order Cetartiodactyla , which consists of even-toed ungulates. Their closest non-cetacean living relatives are the hippopotamuses , from which they and other cetaceans diverged about 54 million years ago.





The blue whale is the largest animal known to ever live on Earth, weighing in at , pounds , kilograms and stretching up to feet 33 meters. Despite the whale's size, scientists have trouble locating and studying the cetacean in the vastness of the ocean, leaving many questions about the mammal's life history, particularly its mating and courtship behaviors. Blue whales Balaenoptera musculus are found worldwide, with different regional populations forming distinct subspecies. Scientists believe they reach sexual maturity between 5 and 15 years of age, and have a gestation period that lasts 10 to 12 months. Mating and birthing take place during the winter, though the animals don't appear to have a set breeding ground, said Richard Sears, a cetacean researcher with the Mingan Island Cetacean Study.

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